S, M, L vs. 6, 8, 10 | The Secret Codes of Clothing Sizes | Alpha vs. Numeric

Understanding Clothing Sizing | Alpha vs. Numeric

Basic Sizing Terminology for Clothing

To understand clothing sizing and the differences between alpha and numeric sizing, it is important to understand their variances. This knowledge is necessary when designing, sampling, and manufacturing clothing collections, as it affects how the block pattern is created and graded for various body shapes.

The apparel industry uses two standard sizing methods:

Alpha sizing
Numeric sizing

What Is Alpha Sizing?

Alpha sizing is a clothing sizing system that uses letters instead of numbers.

-The most common alpha size range is XS, S, M, L, and XL, although you will find more inclusive size ranges such as XXS up to 3XL among many clothing product offers.

-Clothing sizing for specific target market groups (i.e., Petite, Plus size, Tall) are labeled as PS, PM, PL (for petite body size consumers) or Plus Sizes 1X, 2X, 3X, etc.

-The alpha size range is commonly used for knit clothing (i.e., T-shirts, Sweatshirts, Hoodies, Leggings, and activewear).

-Alpha sizing covers a broader range of body sizes and shapes, contributing to the lower cost of garment manufacturing.

There are a few reasons why alpha sizing is becoming more popular:

It can be more accessible for people to find the right size when shopping online.
Alpha sizing can be more inclusive of people with various body types.
Alpha sizing can be more straightforward than numeric sizing, especially for people who need to become more familiar with the different sizing systems used by other brands.

Here is a typical alpha-to-numeric size correlation:

XS = 0-2

S = 4-6
M = 8-10
L = 10-12
XL = 12-14
XXL = 14-16

The actual sizing and size range varies among fashion brands as the base size (i.e., Medium) can be assigned to 10 to 12 numeric size equivalents. Therefore, the designated base size will be the starting point for the block pattern and the creation of a grade rule for the other alpha or numeric sizes within the size range.

The typical standard grading rule guidance for Alpha Sizing:

For size range XS to L, the target grade rule is 2 inches circumference between sizes.

The target grade rule for size range L and above is 2.5 to 3 inches in circumference between sizes.

The actual grade rule will depend on the complexity and aesthetics of the specific garment design, established fit requirement standards, fabric and trim application, and manufacturing requirements.

If you are considering using alpha sizing for your clothing line, there are a few things you should keep in mind:

You must ensure that your sizing chart is accurate and consistent.
Maintain consistency and accuracy in the clothing sizing of your brand (e.g. alpha sizes correspond to the actual measurements of your clothing).
You must ensure your marketing materials clearly explain your alpha sizing system.

Overall, alpha sizing can be a good option for clothing brands that want to be more inclusive and more accessible to shop for. However, it is vital to ensure alpha sizing implementation is done correctly.

What Is Numeric Sizing?

US women’s wear sizing uses numbers 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, etc. European equivalent uses numbers more related to the actual body measurements, such as 34, 36, 38, 40, and 42.
Numeric sizing is commonly used for clothing made of woven fabrics.
Clothing items include dress pants, shirts, structured jackets, fitted dresses, and similar clothing items.
The most common grading rule for Numeric Sizing:
The target grade rule for sizes 0 to 10 is 1" circumference between sizes.
The target grade rule for sizes 10 and above is 1 1/2” to 2” circumference between sizes (all around) or more, depending on the body shape.
There is a reason why the same type of clothing fits differently from brand to brand. Vanity sizing is everywhere with a measure of deceptiveness to fashion consumers.

Deciding On a Sizing Chart For Your Clothing Product Line?

Research your target market and body shapes within the market. It is a challenging task indeed. However, it will help you understand your customers’ clothing sizing and fit needs.
Study your competition and their best-selling clothing styles and sizes.
Research and understand the size range and grade rules for specific clothing categories.
Understand fabrics and their properties. Grading and fabric content are closely related. Understanding fabric properties will help you when ready to choose the size range and specific fit. The fabric has its own life and plays a vital role in defining the fit of the garment.
Study your target customer and their likes and dislikes regarding clothing fit preferences. Find out what body measurements correspond to your ideal customer group.
Following these tips ensures that your alpha or numeric sizing system is easy to use and understand. It will help you to attract more customers and minimize returns due to the wrong sizing.

Here are some fun facts about alpha sizing:

Alpha sizing was initially used for men's clothing, but it soon became popular for women's clothing.
Most major clothing brands use alpha sizing.
Any government agency does not regulate alpha sizing, so there is no guarantee that two brands' XS sizes will serve the same body type and proportion.